G-spot discovery, medicalization and media hype

This post focuses on research reported today on the discovery of the g-spot. If you are a journalist on a deadline you may find it easier to read through this post now and come back to the links later!

Over the past three years there have been papers published in the Journal of Sexual Medicine claiming to have proved or disproved the presence of a g-spot in cis women.

Earlier this month, the Journal of Sexual Medicine again focused on the g-spot resulting in some pretty hopeless reporting, depressingly from science outlets as well as mainstream media.

Most of the g-spot studies have been limited by a number of problems including a small number of unrepresentative participants having their vaginas examined through ultrasound, or larger studies of women using self-report surveys with confusing questions such as: ‘Do you believe you have a so called G-spot, a small area the size of a 20p coin on the front wall of your vagina that is sensitive to deep pressure?’ They also make claims about a lack of research in this area, which isn’t true. There is a lot of research in this area it just posits different ideas about what women find arousing.

Each time studies on the g-spot have been published the media has reacted as though
- these are groundbreaking studies
- the do they/don’t they have g-spots issue is the most pressing topic in sex research
- these studies require no critical attention

And in all these cases journalists – including health and science correspondents – have responded to these studies in one simple way. To frame their stories with the question ‘does the g-spot exist?’

This hides a whole heap of bad science and poor journalism and misinformation on sex, arousal and orgasm.

Today we will see this story repeat itself. This time claiming that women definitively DO have a g-spot.

The study, G-spot Anatomy: A New Discovery (link to be added shortly) by Adam Ostrzenski published in, wait, could it be? Yes! It’s the Journal of Sexual Medicine. The same journal that published all the other papers proving or disproving the existence of the g-spot.

The current study involved an autopsy performed on an 83 year-old woman and claimed to have found ‘the anatomic existence of the g-spot’.

You can expect the media to do four things with this.
1. They will trumpet that YES, THE G-SPOT DOES EXIST! even though previously they said it didn’t (and it did and it didn’t etc etc).
2. They will use this to bring up the same old debate – does the g-spot exist? But they will not critically engage with the research itself.
3. They will fail to notice that a fortnight ago they were having exactly the same discussion.
4. They will use this as another opportunity to report the story using the now well-established tactic of let’s-set-up-a-debate-with-the-ladies-about-their-orgasms.

The media love this do they/don’t they have a g-spot research because it allows them to mix sex and science without being too sexy or in any way scientific. And posing this as a debate topic allows for people to say whether their lived sexual experiences match the study in question.

Any journalist worth their salt should always ask questions about a study they are reporting on. So here are the core problems with the current paper that we should expect the media to answer – but will probably barely see mentioned.

Firstly this is a study based on an autopsy of one woman, so not all that representative. Only last week we saw what happens when the media runs away with excitement on the basis of a limited, single person study. (And yes, that was the Journal of Sexual Medicine too. Are you noticing a pattern here?)

Secondly there is the issue of consent and ethics. This study required a woman or her next of kin to consent to her body being used in medical research. Presumably with specific consent that her genitals may be included in any investigation. The paper does not make it clear what consent was obtained or who from. That is not to say consent was not obtained but with such a sensitive study you would expect this to be explicitly outlined within the paper or press release. Studying tissue samples is a highly emotive area of research and one that is governed by strict ethical and governance procedures (further reading on this topic here).

Thirdly, appropriating a supposed feminist discourse the paper claims ‘The absence of the identification of the G-spot as an anatomic structure created considerable controversies and a biased interpretation of the scientific results worldwide, leading to a monolithic clitoral model of female sexual response. However, women have held the unwavering position that there are distict (sic) areas in the anterior vagina which are responsible for a sensation of great sexual pleasure’

We have been here before with researchers claiming there is a giant global Clitoral Conspiracy denying women information about vaginal pleasure and prioritizing the clit. In that research as with this one no empirical evidence is given to substantiate these claims. Which do not appear to fit with the mainstream media’s general obsession with vaginas. And most reputable sex educators and therapists who focus on people exploring what brings them pleasure rather than telling them what to enjoy. It remains the case that clitoral pleasure is vital to many women’s sexual experience – and it is disingenuous of practitioners to claim otherwise.

Moreover if those who have made the claim that women have consistently reported pleasure from the stimulation of the front wall of the vagina, why then do *they* feel the need to continually survey, scan and now dissect women? Surely if they believe what women say that should just be taken as read?

Fourthly this was an autopsy study so the researcher makes claims about the physiology of a woman but did not apparently talk to her before her death. So we know absolutely nothing about her relationships, her sexual life, what gave her pleasure, what her sexuality was, whether she experienced orgasm or not. Regardless of the physiological findings this paper presents these are meaningless without these other details of the woman’s life.

Finally the author claims he has no conflict of interest. Which is concerning given he runs a Cosmetic Gynaecology practice this is not in itself sinister but it does have a bearing on why he may have an interest in proving the presence of a g-spot and should have been declared in both the press release and the paper. It is remiss of the journal and publisher not to ensure this was done.

Alongside the numerous cosmetic genital procedures he offers, Dr Ostrzenski trains practitioners in procedures including ‘g-spot fat augmentation’ and ‘g-spot surgical augmentation’.

This sounds very much like something that could well be considered a conflict of interest and should have been declared as such in the paper.

I think I would feel less anxious making these criticisms if I had not read Improbable Research’s blog. They have been investigating Dr Ostrzenski and in particular I would draw your attention to him bringing a lawsuit against a peer reviewer he disagreed with. This is sobering stuff.

[Although unrelated to this study, it is worth noting G-spot augmentation is an experimental procedure and in the UK the main practitioner offering this practice was recently struck off by the GMC in a truly tragic case of medical misconduct].

Who benefits from research like this?
We’ve seen how the media benefit from stories like this. Others who benefit include drug companies, who have offered unlimited grants to some of these studies. Cosmetic surgeons, as they can use this research to indicate why g-spot amplification should be performed (despite it having tragic consequences for some women). Sex toy stockists, as they can sell products aimed at either stimulating the g-spot or the clitoris (depending on whether the g-spot is supposed to exist or not). And therapists or sex educators who can promote workshops or counselling that hinges on the supposed confusion around g-spot orgasm.

And who loses out?
The rest of us do! Women and their partners miss out, as these studies do not fully explore the diverse ways women may experience arousal. Trans women are not included in these studies (nor really in any discussions about orgasm). Most studies on g-spots or female orgasm also focus on straight women in relationships, so single women and lesbian or bi women’s voices are rarely heard.

Limited research and poor media pickup results in a situation where misleading stereotypes are repeatedly rehearsed: such as the idea women’s sexuality is understudied, that women’s orgasms are complex and mysterious, that women are unreliable in their sexual response, or that there are superior forms of orgasm that can be related to specific parts of the body.

What could we do instead?

Rather than repeating the do/don’t women have g-spot orgasms we could use this opportunity to ask critical questions about the quality of existing research, what problems this can cause women and their partners, who benefits from the continued g-spot debate, and examine how we might instead celebrate diversity in sexual pleasure. In particular we ought to be asking why the Journal of Sexual Medicine appears fixated on this topic?

Another approach might be to consider how this scenario would look if it were penises under the microscope. While there are undoubtedly distressing issues facing men around penis size and stamina the stereotype for men is they all experience pleasure from their dicks. If you talk to men you discover some get intense pleasure from testicle stimulation and are unable to orgasm without this. Some hate their balls touched. Some get a lot of pleasure if attention is paid to the shaft of the penis. Some find direct stimulation to the glans uncomfortable. Others experience more pleasure from anal stimulation.

Yet we do not suggest because men can and do experience pleasure from different areas in their genitals that there are specific spots that guarantee male orgasm or that men are somehow deficient if they do not experience say, a left testicle orgasm. We don’t scan, survey, or perform autopsies on penises to establish the most sensitive parts. Nor do we have self help books, courses or sex toys designed to coach men into experiencing orgasm through stimulation to specific areas of their genitals.

Indeed suggesting this usually results in people laughing. Why would we do this? But we do seem to feel the need to continue to make women’s bodies and sexual responses seem complex and difficult. Actually that’s not quite true. One journal and the media appear preoccupied with this. Most people are not that bothered and certainly most sex researchers are not.

The take home message is
- there are numerous conflicting messages about the g-spot, many of them from papers with limitations, all recently published in the same journal
- this is not cutting edge sex research nor the prime focus of what sex research is
- this distracts us from the exciting and wonderful stories and studies within sexology – and people’s daily lives
- this makes people anxious about their bodies, sexual experiences and sexual performance
- it gives legitimacy for untested cosmetic gynaecological procedures to be promoted uncritically by the media
- it implies orgasm is solely a physiological experience that is located in specific areas of the genitals (in cis women)
- it suggests particular kinds of orgasm are superior to others or that you should train your body to orgasm in particular ways/locations
- this discourages us to celebrate sexual diversity and pleasure in our genitals and elsewhere, and find what excites and arouses us

How can you help?
Given the media coverage of this story is undoubtedly going to be enthusiastic, extensive and (for the most part) poor, let’s use this as an opportunity to put the media under the spotlight.

As the story spreads through the news look out for the journalists who:
- simply regurgitate the press release
- fail to ask basic questions about the aims/scope/ethics of the paper
- use this as an opportunity to roll out the ‘does the g-spot’ exist story again
- use this as a platform to promote untested cosmetic genital procedures or sex toys but not to talk about the science
- appear not to have actually read the paper

Share your findings on twitter via the hashtag #erronagspot to capture poor (and good) coverage (or if you’re not on twitter but spot something drop me an email at info@drpetra.co.uk and I’ll add it to the list). If you are a journalist or blogger who hasn’t yet covered this story and wants to – please use this blog to help question further the issues raised in the ongoing g-spot saga.

Posted in Activism and Open Access, Bad science, Case studies, G spot, Journalism, Medicalisation, Uncategorised, Vagina | Comments closed

Enduring Love? Couple Relationships in the 21st Century

quotes about long term love

One of the things I love about researching sex and relationships is you get to hear about other people’s amazing pieces of work. A recent programme that has caught my attention is the Open University’s ‘Enduring Love’ project.

According to the project team this two year study will look at “how couples think about and experience their long-term relationships” and aims to “examine the emotional and practical ‘work’ that people do to keep their relationships going and the ways that social policies and popular culture shape what it means to be a couple”.

The study is based around a questionnaire the researchers explain “will tell us about what relationships look like in the 21st century and the different factors that are associated with diverse relationship experiences”.

They invite you to talk about your relationship and add to their understanding of this topic.

The survey and project website can be found at www.enduringlove.co.uk. I hope you can support this study. I’ll be looking forward to hearing their findings in a few years time. And I wish the project team every success with this innovative venture.

Posted in Relationships, Research, Surveys/questionnaires | Comments closed

The Bisexuality Report

Last week saw the launch of The Bisexuality Report. A unique piece of work that “summarises national and international evidence and draws out recommendations for future bisexual inclusion in many different settings. Bisexual people are indeed often invisible in policy and practice despite evidence that they experience discrimination in education and in the workplace and are more at risk of mental health problems than lesbian, gay, or heterosexual people. Bisexual people are subject to a specific form of discrimination – Biphobia – because they do not fit a problematic gay/straight model of sexuality”.

Biphobia and bi-invisibility remains a major problem within many areas, as the report outlines. But particularly is an issue within sex research, education and therapy. Global research on sexualities continues to struggle with studies, communities, and healthcare providers that ignore or demonise bisexuality (especially in men). It remains a challenge to get a platform to sensitively address this topic, or even acknowledge bisexuality exists.

The report is a collaborative venture, led by Dr Meg Barker who has been studying bisexuality for many years. If you’re a practitioner or have a personal interest in bisexuality (or both) you may find biuk.org helpful (and this year’s BiCon, BiFest and BiReCon – information available via the ‘events’ section of the website).

If your work involves addressing sex and sexuality – be it in therapy, education, or health and social care please do take the time to read, reflect upon, and share the report. Noting the general and specific professional recommendations. It is an important step in addressing a much neglected area in sexualities.

And on a (slightly) related note*, if you’re an academic who is working using queer theory, or identifies as queer, or has a critical view of sexualities theory and research you may wish to participate in Queer Academia. This project aims to address “limited representations of queerness that exist in academia, both relating to who queer people are and what issues queer people confront and experience” – a viewpoint that may resonate with many of us.

Both of these ventures are well worth your while to engage with – please share widely!

*acknowledging not everyone who identifies as bi sees themselves as queer (and vice versa).

Posted in Academia, Activism and Open Access, Bisexuality, Sexuality | Comments closed

What makes a baby?

About this time last year I was in the queue at the supermarket. It was a busy afternoon. The ideal time for an inquisitive nearly-four-year-old to ask in the kind of voice that carries as only a small child’s can ‘mummy.Have you decided to have your baby out of the cut in your tummy, or your vagina?’

Silence.

And then a lady ahead of us smiled and complimented my son on asking such a sensible question. The lady behind in the queue told him he’d be a lovely brother. There was a lot of laughter, mostly at my expense. But my son still wanted a reply. So I answered truthfully. I hadn’t yet decided but it was most likely the new baby would come through the special cut in my tummy the doctor would help to make – just as my son had come into the world. [In fact, several months later, having decided this was the right birth choice for me, son number two had ideas of his own and arrived through a vaginal delivery with the help of forceps].

Despite being a sex researcher for the past couple of decades and being comfortable in both hearing people’s sexual stories while discussing sex and relationships issues in a variety of formats, tackling the unexpected baby-related questions my son wanted answering was not always easy.

Like many children my son was less interested in how the baby got inside me than how it was coming out. But that’s not to say he wasn’t keen to know about both of these issues. He also wanted to know about his birth too.

Although I was eager to answer his questions as best I could – and happy for other professionals (midwives, doctors, nurses etc) to also help out – what I really wanted was a book to help me talk through the topic of pregnancy, birth and having a new baby at home in a way that would inform and reassure my son. And ensure I didn’t forget anything important.

I considered a number of texts, some of which I’d previously recommended to friends and colleagues who wanted to tackle the ‘where do babies come from’ conversation with their child(ren). Even with these books I struggled to find ones that really addressed everything my son wanted to know about – and I wanted to discuss.

While most texts did talk about babies being born in a loving relationship and stressed the importance of a family unit, the focus was invariably that a mummy and daddy made a baby (sometimes intercourse was mentioned). And that pregnancy simply involved a mummy getting larger. Or that birth took place in hospital with a vaginal delivery.

I struggled to find books that explained pregnancy as sometimes being positive but in some cases making mummies very tired. Or that showed birth might happen at home, or in hospital. And may involve a c-section. It worried me the focus in the texts on vaginal delivery, even if accompanied by cute illustrations of smiling babies emerging from a birth canal, might suggest to my son his birth was odd or a problem.

More than that, the texts I browsed described a very specific ‘family’ unit. They didn’t talk about other families like the ones my son was growing up alongside. His friends conceived through IVF, carried by a surrogate, or who were adopted. Or living with two mummies. Or born to a single mum. Or to parent(s) with a disability. They also didn’t really focus on babies being born within a pre-existing family – of siblings or step brothers or sisters.

I realised while the text books on having a baby were careful to be frank (in age appropriate ways) about conception, pregnancy and birth, they were also constructing very firm messages about family life. While I wanted to answer the questions my son had about the baby growing inside me, I also realised it was a chance to stress the importance of his role within our family, how he and his baby brother were both going to be very loved. And that babies are born in different ways, to different people, who enjoy different relationships.

At the time I complained to several of my colleagues about the lack of resources available that really took a critical view on this topic. One of those colleagues was Cory Silverberg who, it turned out, was doing all he could to ensure such a book could be created for children and parents.

So it’s really exciting to share with you that Cory’s book ‘What Makes a Baby?’ is now taking shape with a Kickstarter Campaign that invites you to get involved in helping create a really useful text

Cory explains:
“What Makes a Baby is a children’s picture book about where babies come from that is totally unique and unlike any other because it’s written and illustrated to include all kinds of kids, all kinds of adults, and all kinds of families.

Geared to readers from pre-school to about 8 years old, it teaches curious kids about conception, gestation, and birth in a way that works regardless of whether or not the kid in question was adopted, conceived using reproductive technologies at home or in a clinic, through surrogacy, or the old fashioned way (you know, with two people and some sexual intercourse). And it fits for all families regardless of how many people are involved, their orientation, gender and other identity.

Best of all, it’s being lovingly produced in the spirit of classic books like Where Did I Come From? as a full colour, hard cover picture book, one that kids and parents will want to pick up and read”.

If you’re a parent or parent-to-be; a healthcare provider, teacher or social care worker whose practice covers pregnancy/parenthood, or if you just think it’s a good idea to have a wide ranging text on such an important topic, then here’s how to get involved.

You can tell other people about the project on twitter (don’t forget the hashtag
#whatmakesababy), Facebook, blogs, through parenting forums you might be a member of, or through any listserves you might be on.

And more importantly you can back the book! Over to Cory again
“in backing the project, you give to get. There are great rewards for your support at all levels. You can pre-order a copy for $25 (only $10 for the ebook). People who back the project at the $60 level can send additional copies to places and people who may not have $25 to spend, but who deserve beautiful books and good stories that include their lives and their families”.

I can’t guarantee this book won’t stop kids asking baby-related questions that interest them at times that aren’t particularly convenient to parents. But at least if you’re asked in the supermarket, on the bus, or wherever else ‘what makes a baby?’ with this text you’ll have somewhere to go to get the answer and continue conversations.

Cory’s a real inspiration to me and has tirelessly worked to talk about sex and relationships in critical, thoughtful, fun and empowering ways. Please join the rapidly growing number of people backing this venture. Kids everywhere will thank you for it!

Posted in Child(ren), Disability, Intercourse, Pregnancy, self help, Sex education | Comments closed

Penis Size Worries

Penis size. One of those topics that’s the source of many a joke, or shores up boasts around masculinity and sexual prowess. It’s integral to all those spam emails that clog your inbox. And it’s an issue that causes a great deal of distress to men and their partners. Only we rarely address the latter issue in any meaningful way.

Over the past decade of offering advice to men, the question I’ve been most commonly asked is ‘what’s the average penis size?’ (sometimes expressed as ‘is my penis big enough?’) . Underlying this seemingly simple question is a whole hot mess of anxiety about sexual performance, desirability, masculinity, sexuality, body image, personal identity, and relationship satisfaction.

So I’ve decided to put together a post to try and answer the many questions I’ve been asked on this topic and hopefully offers some reassurance and further information to men who are anxious about size, and perhaps are considering drastic solutions to their perceived ‘problem’.

What’s the average penis size?
Studies of penis size show the ‘average’ erect penis ranges from 5 to 6 inches (around 13 to 15 cms) with a girth of about 4 to 5 inches (around 10 cms). An average non-erect penis ranges between 2 to 4 inches (5 to 10 cms). Very few men have longer than average penises when erect (there’s more information about male genitals via The Kinsey Institute that you may find useful).

Research shows soft (flaccid) penises vary in size much more than erect ones do – and it isn’t possible to predict from a soft cock what it’ll look like when it’s hard. Some guys don’t change much between flaccid and erect, others do. Sometimes this is referred to as guys being ‘showers’ – they’re big when soft and don’t get much bigger; or ‘growers’ – they’re smaller when soft but then grow a fair bit as they get hard.

Those figures sound a bit low!
You may well have seen larger measurements or averages online. These are either based on flawed or outdated research, or are being used by people who want to make you feel anxious about your body so you’ll buy products from them (more on this later). If you see any website, book or other resource telling you the ‘average’ penis size is 7 or 8 inches and above, then be very wary of it. It’s a shame such sites don’t come with a built-in cock quackery klaxon, but in the absence of such a facility use the dodgy measurements to warn you off.

How do studies actually measure penis size?
Before you reach for the tape measure or ruler, it’s worth knowing that most sex researchers and therapists are skeptical about the whole concept of ‘average’ penis size.

The reason? They’re based on measurements from laboratory studies where men knew they were participating in research to see how their knobs measured up. This means guys who were worried about size were less likely to participate, whilst guys who thought they had big schlongs were more than happy to waggle them under researchers’ noses.

So most researchers, therapists and doctors suspect the ‘average’ penis size figures obtained in research (and widely quoted) are at least an inch larger than they should be. This is because research on penis size is skewed in favour of men who are happy to be measured.

That’s partly why you sometimes see a range of penis sizes given (as I’ve done above) rather than the mean size, which is unreliable. If you really want a mean measurement then probably 5 inches when erect is more likely than 6 or 7 inches.

The other problem with this area is studies differ in how they operationalize their measuring of penises. Some relied on lab based studies where men were measured by researchers, others based their work on self-reports from men (which, as you can guess, were likely to be very unreliable due to the sensitive nature of such research). Some studies were based on erect penis measurements; others relied on stretching a flaccid penis as far as it could be pulled and measuring that as an approximation of a hard-on. While some research didn’t directly measure penis size at all, but instead asked men to show on a ruler or with the span of their hands how big they thought their penis was. All of which provides a lot of variety in terms of how penises are measured, and introduces a lot of problems with establishing a reliable ‘average’ figure (more on the variability between erect and stretched flaccid penises can be found here).

Should I bother measuring at all?
Modern sexologists argue that we should look at what counts as ‘too small’ rather than being hung up about average sizes. They suggest this because men are often not reassured by learning their penis size is within the average range – because they want to be bigger than average.

Therapists report men who are worried about penis size underestimate their own size while overestimating the average penis size, which can add to their anxiety and warp their perceptions of their own bodies. Indeed some practitioners suggest asking men to indicate how they think they ‘measure up’ can help as part of sex education or therapy.

For adult cisgendered men anything under 7 cms when erect is considered clinically small for a penis – and is sometimes referred to as a ‘micro penis’. Some therapists and researchers suggest telling men to focus on this figure rather than the usual 5 to 6 inches ‘average’ can be reassuring. However, in my experience this has not always been well received by men asking about penis size worries as they are familiar with the ‘average’ measurements, want to know how their penis ‘measures up’ on that scale. They are not particularly interested in what is clinically ‘too small’ (which most of them are not). They are not necessarily comforted by hearing that they have to be fairly small when erect to be seen as having a clinical problem, but want to know if their (usually average) penis size is ‘enough’. For men who feel their penis is too large (particularly if it causing them to have problems getting or keeping an erection, or discomfort to their partner) knowing what is clinically too small doesn’t help deal with being ‘too big’.

This is an issue sex therapists, educators and researchers still need to address as it can mean men ignore advice given along these lines, and those who feel they aren’t big enough are persuaded by the more familiar messages about ‘average’ sizes and the promise of penis growth as advocated by cosmetic surgery and commercial websites selling grow it big products.

Telling men that most of them measure up just fine, or to focus on sexual techniques rather than fixating on penis size may reassure some men, but not all. For those who are not convinced psychosexual therapy or medical advice may be more appropriate (more on this later).

What’s the big deal about dick size?
The issue here isn’t really about size. For centuries, men have been led to believe a larger member makes them better in bed, more fertile, more masculine, or more attractive to a partner. None of these things are true.

Gay and straight partners of men have complained that longer penises are uncomfortable to accommodate and make some positions impossible. Straight women say they’re more interested in girth than length (although guys don’t always know this). Men with larger penises also are more likely to have problems getting and keeping erections. And you can’t rely on a big cock to get you by in the bedroom. Anecdotes abound that men with larger penises don’t try as hard to please their partners – leaving both parties dissatisfied.

The reason sex therapists or medics are unwilling to discuss penis size is because men are still often not satisfied to hear their penis falls within an average size range – they want to be bigger than average. And even If you tell guys they’re okay, often their body image worries means they’re still anxious. A recent study showed that men seeking penis enlargement consistently overestimate the average penis size of other men and drastically underestimate their own size.

Men get penis hang ups since they usually only see other penises in the changing rooms or toilets – where they view their dick downwards and everyone else’s front or side on making other guys seem bigger. Or they compare themselves with porn stars, where the actors are specifically chosen for their size – and filmed from flattering angles and with clever editing to emphasize length.

Mainstream media also doesn’t help men as it either tackles knobs in a jokey way, or overemphasises sexual positions and performance over communication, technique and exploration. Men’s magazines either don’t have problem pages or have pages that are not adequately equipped to answer penis size problems in any useful way. Online forums for men’s magazines increasingly focus on ‘banter’ and performances of hyper-masculinity that leave few safe spaces for men to ask for frank and supportive advice about penis size (this study provides an overview of what men can ask about when given a safe space to ask about psychosexual concerns, which is a stark contrast to what men’s media usually addresses).

It’s important to note that regardless of why men are anxious about their penis size, these worries are not insignificant and can cause considerable distress to men and their partners. It’s all too easy to pass this off as a joke, and in talking about this topic in mainstream media, education or science communication events I’ve frequently faced barriers in getting it treated in any way other than put downs and smutty innuendo. Men’s negative body image regarding their penis size and shape can have considerable impact on their sexual functioning (see here and here) and the quality of their relationships overall.

For most men, worries about penis size and shape are temporary. However for others their anxiety about penis size can lead to ‘small penis syndrome’ that can have devastating effects on their relationships, sexual encounters, and wider quality of life. It can also make men more prone to being exploited by quack remedies, untested herbal products or ineffective surgical interventions.

Do partners care?
Studies of partner attitude to penis size are not as numerous as studies about men’s attitudes regarding the penis. The studies that do exist tend to focus on cis gendered, heterosexual couples. However, despite these limitations these studies, perhaps predictably, tell us that men worry a lot more about penis size and shape than their partner’s do (an example of one such study can be found here). This can become a problem within a relationship if partners are not aware of a man’s penis anxieties, or (with the best intentions) dismiss his concerns. It can be that men are so ashamed of their penis size that they fear mentioning this to a partner in case they confirm a problem exists. Or that they may be laughed at. Some men avoid intimacy with their partner due to anxieties about penis size, or simply avoid relationships. Unsurprisingly penis size worries are often linked with premature ejaculation or erectile dysfunction.

Anecdotal evidence suggests partners can be upset if their loved one is anxious but fails to seek help about it, fails to vary their sexual techniques to incorporate activities other than penetrative penis and vagina/mouth/anal sex, or where their partner withholds non-sexual affection as they’re so withdrawn and unhappy about the size of their genitals so fear any physical contact could lead to unwanted intimacy.

There is also anecdotal evidence from partners when men have a larger penis length or girth where anal/vaginal penetration can be uncomfortable or difficult. While lubrication and sexual positions can help in part with this it may not necessarily be enough and this can lead to relationship distress when intimacy is desired. People in such situations may assume they cannot seek help from psychosexual therapists for fear of being viewed as time wasters. Help is available and couples should seek it (more information on this at the end of this post). However regardless of penis size, if sex is painful during or after penetration it’s important to seek medical attention as it could be the sign of an STI or other genital problem.

Are there any proven penis enlargement products or procedures?
You may be tempted to have penis enlargement surgery. There is currently no independent evidence that this is effective to either address men’s sexual performance or body image worries. Indeed if you are struggling with psychosexual problems or a lack of education about your body, surgery is not the answer. Surgery can make you look bigger when flaccid it won’t make you much larger when erect. Plus if there are complications you can end up impotent for life. It won’t make you a better lover, a more considerate partner, or give you the ability to last longer in bed or produce more ejaculate (all things men have wrongly been led to believe cosmetic penis surgery can provide).

In some countries (particularly the US) the area of cosmetic genital surgery is increasingly seen as a business opportunity. However, while unnecessary cosmetic genital surgery for well cis-women is increasingly meeting with protest and activism, challenges around the cosmetic genital surgery offered to health cis-men are virtually absent.

It is important to remember if you consult a cosmetic surgeon about penile enlargement surgery it is highly likely they will tell you that your penis does indeed need ‘work’. If you are considering this option always go via an independent practitioner and see a urologist and a psychosexual therapist before considering cosmetic/plastic surgery.

The Internet is full of websites promoting penis enlargement pills, potions and creams. Put it this way, if these products worked doctors all over the world would be recommending them to men. They’re not.

Flashy websites and glowing customer reviews can con us into thinking products are reliable, reputable and they work. But there’s only one way to be sure – if a pill, cream, patch, supplement or other product is effective at penis enlargement it would have been described as such in a research trial.

In a trial, a drug, product or pill will be compared with an existing and/ or a placebo product. Sometimes the participant won’t know what they’re testing (called a single blind trial) and occasionally the researcher won’t know either (called a double blind trial).

Over time the response to the product will be measured, perhaps with blood tests, self-report questionnaires or another measure. In this case, researchers would measure the penis before and after any intervention.

Companies often talk about ‘trials’ on their websites, or even include what looks like scientific reports or pictures of doctors. But this self-promotion isn’t anywhere near enough. Any product that’s effective should have been published in a reputable peer reviewed scientific journal. You can check this for yourself by searching PubMed. This will show if any research has been done and what the wider scientific community thinks about it. Moreover you’re not looking for a one-off paper based on a small sample that makes a claim for a product. You want a body of independent, peer-reviewed research that’s claiming a product works. Trust me, you won’t currently find this level of evidence for the range of pills and potions that supposedly grow dicks bigger. Go figure.

If you’re still not convinced, put this to a further test by contacting any companies promising guaranteed penis enlargement methods. Ask them to produce the research they’ve done on their product, where they’ve published, whether they have FDA approval, and what independent endorsements they have. You’ll most likely get no reply, or be fobbed off with some sales talk. Believe me, I’ve contacted enough of these companies to see them consistently sidestep reasonable requests to provide any evidence to support their products.

Some research suggests that herbal sex pills and potions can contain either products that won’t lead to any physical changes, or contain ingredients that could cause harm or interfere with other medication you may be on. Many of these products are untested, unlicensed and not approved by the FDA. At best they waste your money, at worst they could harm your health.

Another thing to consider is if products really do grow your penis – particularly claims made for creams that do this job – surely they should come with some warning about how to apply them? After all, if it’s going to grow your dick, presumably it’ll also grow your hands to massive proportions as you apply it? At the very least they ought to market them with gloves? Funny, yes, but thinking like this about claims made for products can highlight for you that you could be paying out for something that simply isn’t going to make a difference to your physiology, and certainly won’t do anything to help your confidence, technique or the quality of your relationship.

There is some evidence that penis-extending/stretching devices can increase length and girth to a moderate degree. However studies in this area remain limited by small numbers of participants and lack of independent evaluation. Most of the studies conducted in this area are run by the manufacturers of penis stretching devices and while a few have been published in peer review journals (for example) there needs to be wider independent trials conducted in this area that are tested against psychosexual therapy and basic sex education, rather than just testing devices alone.

Some men claim shaving their genitals can make them appear bigger, as can using coloured condoms that contrast with your skin tone. These are non-invasive approaches to make your penis look different. They won’t make a difference to your length/girth but it might make you feel better, which in turn might boost your sexual confidence. This is based on anecdotal evidence so not a reliable approach to tackling deeper psychosexual worries, but for men with low-level anxiety in this area it could be worth a try.

It is worth noting these products are aimed, in general, as cosmetic enhancements for men who have ‘average’ penis physiology. If your penis/erections have been affected by injury, cancer, STIs, Peyronie’s disease, Heart Disease, MS, Diabetes, Sickle Cell disease etc; or have pain in your genitals during or after sex; or have problems with your foreskin then you should seek medical advice from a healthcare professional (more information about this here).

So if you do not fit into this category, save your money, work out how much cosmetic genital surgery or a course of ‘grow it big’ products would amount to over the year and buy yourself a gift to the value of that amount. Or consider putting the money towards psychosexual therapy. Better you get something out of it, than the cowboys out there getting rich off your anxieties.

If you want to sort out your sex life, there are some surefire ways to do it – eat healthily, exercise regularly, cut down on alcohol and if you smoke, quit.

Also improve your communication skills so you can ask your partner what they want and make them feel confident enough to show or tell you.

All that will make a much bigger change in your sex life than a fake pill or potion that won’t help at all.

What happens to men with penis size worries?
Penis size worries do a lot of damage to many men. It can lead to relationship problems, avoiding sex or relationships, erectile dysfunction (not being able to get it up) or premature ejaculation (when you come too soon).

If you’re worried about your sexual performance, you can get help from The Sexual Advice Association. If your worries are severe, your GP can refer you to a psychosexual therapist who can unpack where your problems come from and reassure you you’re okay (there Is a waiting list for this service). Alternatively, you can self-refer via CORST (you will have to pay for this therapy but most practitioners offer a sliding scale and many are happy to treat GBT clients with penis concerns). Counselling can be effective, and while studies on its effectiveness are few, those that exist suggest it usually persuades men that previously desired surgical interventions are not necessary.

It’s common for men to have an occasional worry about their penis size – after seeing a bigger guy at the gym, following a negative comment from an ex-partner, or perhaps after reading somewhere you should have a bigger dick. Research indicates it’s more common for younger or sexually inexperienced men to have size worries and, with time, these worries reduce. However, for some men it continues to be a problem throughout life. Straight, gay and bi men all report having penis size concerns.

It strikes me that guys should start challenging a society that makes them feel they’re only a sexually attractive and functioning person if they have a slightly longer knob. However I’m fully aware of the many constraints around masculinity that prevent this from happening.

So the take home message is:
- Penis size worries are common, can be distressing, and may impact on men’s abilities to enjoy positive relationships.
- Men generally underestimate their own size while overestimating other men’s penis sizes.
- Studies of penis size vary in their methodological approaches and calculations of ‘average’ sizes. They are also biased by the kind of participants who volunteer to be measured.
- A range of factors contributes to men’s penis worries. Including mainstream media, a lack of sex education, porn, medicalization of men’s sexual functioning, quack sex products and few safe spaces to ask for unbiased advice.
- Herbal products, penis enlargement surgery, creams and lotions are not proven to make any difference to penis size.
- There is some, limited, evidence that stretching of the penis can make a moderate difference to penis size/shape.
- Believing you have a bigger than average penis can make you feel more confident as a lover, but may not mean you are sexually more competent
- Penises are only one body part that can be used to turn a partner on – oral sex and masturbation with a finger or sex toy can be equally or more pleasurable.
- Penis worries can lead to psychosexual dysfunction, relationship breakdown and anxieties in other areas of men’s lives.
- Learning basic information about penis size can be reassuring for men and reduce anxieties about their genitals and sex.
- In the UK your GP can refer you to a urologist if you are worried about penis size/performance. Or a psychosexual therapist. Both are available on the NHS.

More penis size FAQs and recommended reading can be found here.

Taking this forward
This post is based on a number of pieces I’ve written for men’s media outlets over the years and training I’ve delivered to healthcare practitioners specializing in men’s psychosexual functioning.

I’m hoping to keep this as an evolving resource for men and am aware there probably is more information needed for men with disabilities; men whose penises have been shortened during surgery (for example following radical prostatectomy); men who lack access to affordable healthcare (particularly in the Global South); Trans men; and BME men. Partners are implied within much research in this area (such that it is) but I’d be interested in hearing about resources to help them. Men who feel their penises are too wide/long are ignored in this area with its preoccupation on men’s anxieties about small penis size, but still require advice if it impacts on their relationship quality and psychosexual functioning. Practitioners (particularly those working in healthcare and therapy) also require more information in order to enable them to work effectively with clients, while academics working in this area probably are aware of studies I’ve missed. Reputable resources that aren’t pharmaceutically funded would therefore be appreciated. As would reputable, independent, sources of support in countries outside the UK. If you notice anything that needs adding or think you can help please email me (info@drpetra.co.uk) and I’ll keep updating this resource.

This post is created as a free resource for men and their partners, and those who work with men in psychosexual/genital healthcare and/or therapy. You are welcome to share this resource with acknowledgement (and if online, with a link back). Please note this is not designed for use on for profit sites, so if you see it being replicated anywhere that’s charging to read it – or it’s appearing alongside dodgy penis enlargement products let me know. For the record I don’t endorse penis enlargement products.

Posted in Activism and Open Access, Body Image, Commercialisation, Confidence/Esteem, Erectile Dysfunction, Evidence based, Medicalisation, Mental Health, Penis, Premature Ejaculation, RCTs, Sexual dysfunction, Surgery | Comments closed

Outside my experience,so it can’t be normal:mainstream media and neonatal death

This posts tackles the topic of stillbirth and neonatal death and may be triggering to those affected. Information about support services are listed within this post.

On January 4 2012 Mehdi Hasan wrote 10 things you didn’t know about Rick Santorum for the New Statesman. It included information on Santorum’s political views and actions as well as some personal anecdotes about him.

Point 8 stated ‘When his baby Gabriel died at childbirth, Santorum and his wife spent the night in a hospital bed with the body and then took it home, where, joined by their other children, they prayed over it, cuddled with it and welcomed the baby into the family’.

At the time of publication there were discussions on twitter from people that indicated while they had no time for Santorum (and in many cases disliked him intensely) the focus on the loss of his baby seemed inappropriate in the wider context of the piece.

Whether it was the deliberate aim of the piece to suggest Santorum and his family had reacted in an unusual way to the death of their child, or whether it was interpreted in this way by readers, a discussion grew about whether this was a ‘normal’ grief response.

Those who had no experience of losing a baby to stillbirth or neonatal death responded, understandably, with horror at the idea you might want to cuddle your infant or keep them with the rest of your family. People who had been through such an experience asserted it was not unusual (although it may not have been the way they opted to deal with the loss of their baby).

Today, in response to criticisms of the piece, the New Statesman posted Rick Santorum’s Baby – A follow up also by Mehdi Hasan. In the piece Mehdi outlines why he feels criticism of his previous post was unfair. While he suggested on twitter those who had complained were displaying ‘faux outrage’.

Unsurprisingly, more outrage followed.

What interests me is the discussion that followed between Mehdi, myself and others on twitter. This is not intended as an attack on Mehdi, but more a case study in how journalists (like the rest of us) often work within a narrow frame of reference and find it difficult to cope when asked to see the world differently. Which, of course, has major implications for how we understand and talk about our lives.

Mehdi’s main defence of his writing on this topic included that:
- people had misinterpreted what he was saying about how the death of the baby was managed, and he wasn’t poking fun at this
- he was being unfairly criticized for talking about this issue when other writers who had covered it were not targeted in the same way (not quite true as Sarah Ditum shows)
- the story was in the public domain and the Santorum family had even written a book about it, therefore it was perfectly reasonable to include it in the original piece
- he felt dealing with the baby’s death was highly unusual – specifically taking the baby home and introducing Gabriel to the rest of the family
- people he had spoken to agreed they didn’t think the way the Santorum family had behaved with their baby was ‘normal’ or ‘ordinary’

In the heated discussions that followed GP @PeteDeveson calmly tried to explain why people were criticizing Mehdi. He stated:

‘I don’t blame you or your subeditor for not being aware that it’s not an unusual behaviour after stillbirth

However, you have been made aware that your article upset some parents who have had similar experiences.

The classy response to this would be to apologise, not characterise it as “faux-outrage”’.

Mehdi’s response was:
@ns_mehdihasan @PeteDeveson On a side note: not unusual? Still waiting for some stats/surveys/evidence for this claim. Am genuinely interested. Educate me.

After Pete provided information from a stillbirth charity, Mehdi said it was interesting but ‘still want stats’. Specifically (it seemed) about how common it was to grieve for a baby in the way the Santorums had, and to take a baby home to be with the wider family.

This is not an unusual reaction from journalists when criticized (or for that matter most academics, medics, skeptics and so on). However there are a number of problems with this approach.

The first is asking to be educated without really wanting to be informed. I may be wrong about Mehdi (and I hope I am) but in my experience journalists who ask to be educated want you to go away and stop bothering them and hope getting you to find evidence will shut you up. If you provide said evidence you usually find they’ll give a lukewarm thanks or simply ignore you. But you will see no sign that anything you have shared with them makes any difference to their practice.

Myself and others did share information with Mehdi so I am hoping this does educate him as he has asked. I’m also sharing this information here as it may be relevant to anyone who is unfamiliar with grieving processes after the loss of a baby (and may be of help to those who have lost a baby or are working in the healthcare/therapy professions).

The second problem is how ‘evidence’ is conceptualized – as ‘stats/surveys/evidence’. While it’s not unreasonable to ask for this, in many cases such data is not always available, nor appropriate. Not just in relation to research on how people deal with bereavement and infant loss, but on research generally. You may find data on how many parents select to take a baby home with them from a survey (or more likely an audit), but it won’t tell you how parents felt, how they coped, what they found helpful or not. You would need qualitative research for that.

And the request for ‘statistics’ is often meaningless if people cannot interpret said data or if said data doesn’t exist for very good reason. I have not found evidence on the prevalence of parents taking their baby home versus staying in hospital following neonatal death. That is not to say such data exists (and if you know if such data let me know and I will add it to this post). But it may not be something routinely collected within healthcare trusts. Even if it is routinely collected it may not be recorded universally across regions making it difficult to obtain reliable information.

Even with ‘statistics’ available, does it really make a difference? If some parents decide to do something to help their grieving process which is not what most parents do, does that indicate something is abnormal about them – or simply that they have decided to grieve in a particular way? Who gets to make this judgement?

As @DrRanj astutely pointed out during this discussion “What is the correct way to grieve? Whatever/whenever/however you need to deal with your pain”.

In fact there is evidence on coping with stillbirth and neonatal death.

Some of this comes through support organisations such as

SANDS
FSID
Winston’s Wish
Child Bereavement Charity
Miscarriage Association

Other evidence can be found in academic research (of which there is a lot in this area, much of it qualitative, focusing on how people grieve and what helps them).

From this we know it is standard practice that following the death of a baby parents, supported by healthcare staff and therapists, may want to:
- Name their baby (if they haven’t already done so)
- Bathe, oil, massage and dress baby
- Kiss,cuddle,sing,talk to and sleep near baby
- Take photos of baby
- Make other mementos such as a hand or footprint
- Have friends and family (including siblings and other young relatives) visit the baby
- Wrapping baby in a blanket the family will later keep

Not all of these things appeal to all parents and families and it is vital to stress the importance of choice and decision making which must be parent led. Well intentioned healthcare professionals may impose some of these activities which do not directly appeal to parents because they have been told they are ‘good practice’. A Cochrane Review on Support for mothers, fathers and families after perinatal death states:
“However, recently there has been an alert sounded that such practices have become prescriptive and ‘routine’ in check lists and ‘do’s and don’ts’ and, in fact, may be failing to offer meaningful care to bereaved families (Lang 2005). A recent review showed that parents perceive many healthcare provider behaviours to be thoughtless or insensitive (Gold 2007)”.

This can be particularly an issue where parents may not want to see the baby or may prefer other services to deal with funeral arrangements. And it is worth noting, depending on circumstances, some parents may find interacting with their baby distressing and might require long term support and counseling as a result. Particularly in cases where parents have PTSD as a result of coping with their experience.

While we may not have exact figures on how many of these activities are undertaken by how many families, we do know they are widely recognized and supported ways that people might choose to interact with their baby, even if they do not appeal to all parents and may not be suitable for everyone.

What about the concept of taking baby home, which the Santorum family did with Gabriel, and which Mehdi and some others apparently find difficult to believe?

Well again it is not unusual. Which is why hospitals have cold cots. A ‘cold cot’ enables a baby to remain in a hospital or be taken home (or remain in the home if baby died there) until their funeral. A baby may be in a cold cot for a few hours to several days, depending on religious requirements, family preference or other funeral arrangements. (If you want more information about using cold cots within healthcare training is available here).

For those who don’t have children, or who have children and find it difficult to contemplate how they would deal with the loss of their child, thinking about ways of being with a baby after it has died might seem mawkish, horrific, or distressing.

However, for parents and families such rituals or opportunities may be exactly what they want or need at the time, and in the long term help them come to terms with the loss of their baby.

It is understandable that, when faced with something we do not comprehend or hope we never have to face, that we react with incredulity. It is also understandable that if we are challenged for holding such a viewpoint that we react defensively and demand others prove us wrong, while not really listening to their feedback.

However, it is important journalists do listen. Miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death remain taboo topics within our culture. Not necessarily because those who have experienced loss want not to discuss it (although this can be the case) but because others around us react with embarrassment or discomfort. The media could do so much to challenge stigma in this area or campaign to improve care and support, yet rarely does so. (An exception is Mumsnet’s Campaign for better miscarriage care and treatment).

Instead we are faced with soap operas, dramas and movies that represent bereaved parents as mentally unbalanced (and a risk to other babies), and news coverage or features that either airbrush lost babies out of conversations, or only allow parents and practitioners to discuss stillbirth and neonatal death in particular predictable and sanitized ways. Our anxieties about neonatal death can mean we dismiss valid experiences, or not fully research an area. Relying instead on stereotypes or simply not investigating an area in any depth.

Journalists and others who have perhaps not experienced the loss of a baby may well find how others grieve for or remember their infants as abnormal. But if we allowed ourselves to listen more to their experiences we discover their actions are not unusual and are perfectly understandable. That’s why hearing from bereaved parents is becoming a recognized part of paediatric training. Giving parents and families the opportunity to talk allows them to recognise, celebrate and remember their babies. Not rendering them invisible just to keep the rest of us in our comfort zones.

Posted in Evidence based, Journalism | Comments closed

Christmas Charities 2011

It’s the holiday season and my best wishes are with you whether you are celebrating Christmas, Hanukkah or Yule.

If you are still looking for presents for loved ones, or perhaps are just feeling full of seasonal spirit, I’ve a few suggestions for folk who’d appreciate your support.

I have selected 8 charities/organsations in the areas of sex, relationships and reproductive health. Some are faith based, some secular. You may want to support the one you feel most impressed by – or perhaps give a small amount to several of these very good causes.

And to celebrate the holiday season I hosted a virtual Charity Christmas Concert over on twitter. You can catch up with all the seasonal goodies I shared there at the end of this post – there’s music, comedy, quirky things and the occasional NSFW treat.


Hesperian Foundation

Hesperian is a non-profit publisher of books and newsletters for community-based health care. It produces free resources in various different languages on topics such as Where There Is No Doctor, Disabled Village Children and Helping Health Workers Learn. Here are ways you can get involved, which don’t just involve financial donations – you can also volunteer, translate and review books, and let other people know about the work Hesperian are doing.


Jabulani Rural Health Foundation

Jabulani is a non-profit organisation that supports Zithulele Hospital and its surrounding community. Zithulele Village is situated in a remote part of the Wild Coast (Eastern Cape Province, SA). Founded in 2007 by four Christian doctors, our focus is on healthcare, education, poverty relief, environmental issues and care for those affected by HIV/AIDS. Practitioners at Zithulele have introduced a number of innovative programmes for rural health which have been reported in The Lancet and SAMJ and include nutrition, maternal health, occupational therapy and education projects. Donation information can be found here
Become a friend of Zithulele here

A short film about the hospital can be found here:


Scarleteen

Scarleteen is an independent, grassroots sexuality education and support organization and website. Founded in 1998, Scarleteen.com is visited by around three-quarters of a million diverse people each month worldwide, most between the ages of 15 and 25. It is the highest-ranked website for sex education and sexuality advice online and has held that rank through most of its tenure. While Scarleteen is held as a benchmark in quality youth advice giving Founder and Executive Director Heather Corinna explains “we do not and have never had any state, federal or foundational funding, but are supported solely by individual donations. We do what we do with insanely small amounts of money: most years our budget has been smaller than the median household income for one family here in the states. For the majority of the years we’ve been around, our budget has been far lower than that”. More info here . Donate here

Outsiders
Outsiders is a community for people with physical and social disabilities that enables people to meet, make friends, overcome isolation and form relationships. It coordinates local meet ups, provides advice and hosts numerous events to raise funds for greater advocacy for people with disabilities. It also operates a peer support network, lobbies for greater rights for disabled people, and informs health and social care practice around sex, relationships and disability. As well as providing financial assistance there are other ways you can help Outsiders including lobbying on issues around disability rights, and assisting the organisation with research, advocacy and resources. More information on how to give here.

Education for Choice
Education For Choice is the only UK-based educational charity dedicated to enabling young people to make informed choices about pregnancy and abortion. “Education For Choice’s work is focused on the word choice. Whilst we concentrate on the issue of abortion, as it is the issue that receives least attention, we believe that work with young people should value all pregnancy choices equally. Our ethos is that the best outcomes of unintended pregnancy occur when the woman involved has been able to make her own informed choice”. Donate here


The New View Campaign

“The New View Campaign was formed in 2000 as a grassroots network to challenge the distorted and oversimplified messages about sexuality that the pharmaceutical industry relies on to sell its new drugs. The goal of the New View Campaign is to expose biased research and promotional methods that serve corporate profit rather than people’s pleasure and satisfaction. The Campaign challenges all views that reduce sexual experience to genital biology and thereby ignore the many dimensions of real life”. More information on donating and volunteering for the New View, as well as implementing its ideas into policy and practice can be found here

Bliss
“One in every nine babies in the UK is born premature or sick. That is over 80,000 babies every year. Bliss is the only national charity dedicated to improving both the survival and long-term quality of life for babies born too soon, too small or too sick to cope on their own”. You can give to this invaluable organisation here.

The Miscarriage Association

“Founded in 1982 by a group of people who had experienced miscarriage. They felt strongly that someone needed to provide the support and information which they had found lacking in their medical care, and so they set up a new charity. Nearly thirty years later, the Miscarriage Association has grown and developed in many ways, but we still pursue those founding aims:
• offering support and information to anyone affected by the loss of a baby in pregnancy
• raising awareness of miscarriage and
• promoting good practice in medical care”.
This organisation offers advice and information to women affected by miscarriage and their partners. Giving to this organisation helps offer care and challenge taboos around this area. You can donate here.

I hope you are able to support one or more of these charities/organisations either financially or as a volunteer.

Thanks for your continued support for this blog. Your feedback, suggestions and ideas for content (and how to improve the blog) is always very welcome.

The Charity Christmas Concert
Kicked off with Kate Rusby’s carol ‘Sweet Bells’ (as recommended by @BrightNomad)

At Christmas we love some snow. And also naked men. And tea trays

Matt Whistler’s Merry Christmas 2010 Southover Street Brighton from Convict Films on Vimeo.

One for children of all ages – Rudolf the Red Nosed Reindeer


Rudolph The Red Nosed Reindeer – Original Movie by goldrausch

Next up in the concert it was time for Dickie Valentine and his Christmas Alphabet

This is one to save for later, when you have a spare two hours and a stiff drink. Yes it really is THAT BAD – it’s the Star Wars Holiday Special

Then it was on to a song. A very bouncy version of Joy to the World – from the amazing Klezmonauts.

You probably have a collection of embarrassing family photos. But probably none as bad as this collection. It’s Awkward Family Photos – Christmas Special (watch out for The Full Monty).

The Shepherd Who Stayed – Theodosia Garrison for all of us who sometimes feel our work’s not noticed.

Christmas meets safer sex messaging in this super HOT video – Little Taiko Boy. Turn this up LOUD!

Ever wondered what goes into those letters to Santa? Find out here (be warned, some of these will make you cry). Or you could make your own snowflake.

The best ever Nativity, as told by the kids from St Pauls Church, Auckland (and shared with me by my Uncle)

One for the geeks now, Dot Matrix Printers play Czech Carol Nesem Vam Noviny

It’s a Father Ted Christmas – and what could be behind the Advent Calendar door?

Some more music with Vince Guaraldi Trio playing Christmas Time is Here (from A Charlie Brown Christmas).

And a reminder that we live in a Wonderful World

All finished off with my favourite carol. In The Bleak Midwinter (words here).

Wishing you a very Merry Christmas a Happy Hanukkah or a Blessed Solstice. And all the best for a happy and healthy New Year.

Posted in Uncategorised | Comments closed

Teenagers and group sex: a cause for concern?

Last week saw the publication of a paper Multi-person Sex among a Sample of Adolescent Female Urban Health Clinic Patients in the Journal of Urban Health (sadly not open access). This tackled the issue of young people having Multiple Sexual Partners (MSPs) and in particular raised concerns over coercive sexual practices.

Predictably the media reported on this story with scary headlines like:
Teen girls who engage in group sex are often coerced, study says – NY Daily
Group sex is the latest ‘trend’ for teenage girls, disturbing report reveals – Daily Mail (The research excited upset the Mail so much they ran coverage of it twice)
Teens as young as 14 engaging in group sex, study finds – ABC News
‘Sexting’ is related to teen group sex trend, says study – New Jersey News Room (the study doesn’t say this at all, in fact recent research suggests the phenomena of teen ‘sexting’ is over exaggerated).

While we sadly are used to the mainstream media sensationalising sex research (particularly on young people), other sex blogs and medical news outlets covering this study have been equally remiss at reading the original research and critiquing it. Which is depressing.

So let’s do the job the mainstream media should have done. Let’s critically appraise the research and see if we do need to worry about MSPs and young people.

First, a quick disclaimer. Researching young people’s sexual experiences is important. Such work should focus on their needs, report faithfully any adverse issues they may be at risk from, and take their mental and physical wellbeing seriously. Research on teens should always involve young people at all levels and avoid being a top-down process where adults define teenagers’ experiences. In critiquing this research I am not suggesting young people are not experiencing problems within their relationships. I am also not saying the researchers were anything other than well intentioned.

Strengths of the research
The paper’s plus points are that it tackles a topical issue. While group sex among young people is (as this paper acknowledges) pretty unusual, it is something that has gained media interest over the past few years. So trying to collect any data about this phenomenon is important to reassure and also to direct sex education and public health programmes. The researchers seem to have developed the study over time, basing the survey they used on a series of in-depth qualitative interviews. The paper does acknowledge early on that multiple sexual partner experiences may be consensual and non consensual (more on this in a bit).

Sampling and sample size
Participants were recruited from a youth sexual health clinic. This is not unreasonable at all. It’s an excellent place to find out about young people’s sexual health. But it does mean those going there may be in need of help or support so might not be representative of teens generally.

The authors acknowledge this but I suspect that fact will pass a lot of journalists by when they report this. Media focus, I imagine, will be on all teens, rather than a subset of teens.

The paper tells us researchers were aware of 1224 female clients at the youth clinics, with 747 identified suitable for the study. Why the other clients attending the clinic weren’t suitable for the study is not explained. That, I think, is a problem. Information about participants who were unsuitable for the study, or who refused to participate (and why) should have been clarified just to help us interpret this data. I’m surprised reviewers didn’t ask for it to be included in the demographics table as is standard practice. Of the 747 clients identified, 495 (65%) agreed to take part. A 65% response rate on a sensitive topic is not a problem, but it does reduce the number of people responding further, which in turn affects how representative the sample is.

It is not declared whether the participants were Cis or Trans Women. This would have been helpful to disclose.

Table 1 in the paper provides details of 328 participants. I’m unsure if these were the final sample that was used in the study/analysis. Regardless of all this we learn right at the end of the paper only 24 of those who completed the survey had had a Multiple Sexual Partner experience. And of those, their analysis indicates, 35% said the experience was consensual.

Does this represent a major new trend in youth behaviour?

No. The paper reports of the patients attending the youth clinic very few of them had experienced non consensual group sex. It does not mean we should not be very concerned about these young people or others like them. But it does mean journalists covering this story should put this into context. The study is not showing a major trend in teen girls being forced to have group sex. It is saying non consensual group sexual activity among teens does not seem to happen often, but when it does it is highly distressing and increases the risk of psychological and physical ill health.

My worry is the media coverage of this will not read the original paper and will suggest there is an outbreak of teen sex parties happening regularly, that young girls are forced to participate in. The study did not find this and nor has it identified a major public health problem. But I doubt that will be made clear. This in turn will worry parents, mislead teachers and healthcare professionals, and probably lead to slut shaming of young women (as this kind of coverage invariably does). All the while ignoring the role of boys at best, or presenting them as gang rapists at worst. None of which is directly helpful to the needs of young people.

Problems with phrasing and terminology

The paper seems to use terms like ‘sex parties’, ‘multiple sexual partners’ and ‘gang rape’ interchangeably in places. This is confusing for the reader but I imagine also for participants in the study. This is recognised as a limitation later in the paper where the authors talk about participants who’ve experienced gang rape not necessarily seeing what they experienced as a multiple sexual partner act.

The focus of the study appears to be on heterosexual teens, although this is not really clarified.

The age range of 14-20 is important as this is a wide age range in terms of young people. While some 14 year olds may be mature and some 20 year olds immature, in general the needs and experiences of those who are in the younger age group in this study will be very different from older participants. Any of these participants could be exploited, abuse has no age barrier. However, older teens/young adults may well be better able to consensually engage in sexual behaviours younger teens cannot. This was not explored in enough detail in this paper.

The main drawback with the study, to me, is the question used to identify if participants had engaged in Multiple Partner Sex. It asked:
“Have you ever had sex (vaginal, oral, or anal) with more than one person at the same time or with more than one person at the same place? (This might be called group sex, a threesome, an orgy, or pulling a train).”

The paper doesn’t clearly explain how participants were invited to answer this question, although does suggest it was via a yes/no response (or similar). Imagine I said ‘yes’ to this question. What am I saying ‘yes’ to? That I had vaginal, oral or anal sex? The wording of this question means there’s no way of differentiating between participants who had all of these experiences and those who had one of them.

There is also no way of identifying how often participants had engaged in these various activities and whether they experienced them positively or negatively. It could be completely possible for a participant to have experienced oral sex positively but vaginal sex negatively (or vice versa). But the question phrasing does not allow for this to be explored. It also doesn’t allow participants to indicate if they were giving or receiving these sexual activities (or both).

Once you get past this confusion participants are still being asked about these sexual activities AND whether they’ve done them with more than one person. How do you answer if you’ve engaged in said activities but with only one person? The question doesn’t allow for this.

Participants could also easily be confused by a question that doesn’t make clear if the mention of ‘sex’ here refers to penetrative sex (and if so is it via a penis, finger or sex toy) or oral sex. That is important as we know from sex research unless you are very specific about what you’re asking about you’ve no real idea what participants are reporting.

The question is also confusing a group sex act (i.e. having sex with more than one person at a time) with multiple partner sex over a period of time (i.e. sleeping with more than one person in a day, evening etc). In fact this becomes more confusing as these behaviours are asked as if they’re the same thing but with no time period specified. Most of us who’ve had more than one partner could easily answer ‘yes’ to the question, assuming you have been intimate with different partners on different occasions in your home.

Deconstructing this question may seem like nit picking but in fact is very important when we are designing surveys. Unless our questions are meticulously phrased we have no real idea what participants are responding to. This in turn makes a difference to the conclusions and recommendations we can make.

Elsewhere in the paper the researchers conflate group sex and an orgy (which usually involves several people) with a threesome. They also don’t clarify who might be participating in these activities. The assumption seems to be that it’s a girl and all boys. But it could well be all girls or a mix of girls and boys.

Does ‘pornography’ and ‘sexually explicit’ mean the same thing?

Participants were also asked
“Many people come into contact with pornographic, x rated, or other sexually explicit material. How many times in the past 30 days have you viewed pornographic, x rated, or other sexually explicit material?”

This is an interesting but again problematic question. What do the researchers mean by ‘pornographic’ or ‘sexually explicit material’? Are they the same thing? Are they including explicit mainstream media such as music videos or magazine articles talking about sexual positions? That could be considered sexually explicit but not necessarily pornographic. Is this a particularly accessible question to ask a young person? Asking how often they’ve viewed such material also isn’t clear. Do they mean how often someone has watched pornography/sexually explicit material and masturbated? Simply seen it in passing? Or perhaps laughed at it with friends (as is very common among teens)? Was it watched alone or with a partner? What did it feature?

This information IS important because the researchers did find an association with multiple sexual partners and reported porn use, but it isn’t clear what relationship the young women in the study really had with porn. In order to better educate women about issues around porn we need to know more about what they are watching and how they feel about it. It is worth noting if participants said anything other than ‘no times’ they classed this as having viewed porn. So that means someone might have seen porn once in passing and be categorised in the same way as someone who viewed porn regularly and was aroused by it and someone who was forced to watch porn occasionally but against their will.

Another question asked
“Has anyone ever insisted (without using force or threats) that you do sexual things they saw in pornographic or x-rated magazines, websites, or movies when you did not want to?”

This is not an unreasonable question, but it is not necessarily something that’s easy for a teen woman to answer. For example they may well have been coerced to do something they did not want to do, but unless they asked the person coercing them if they had seen this in porn they would not necessarily know for sure this was the case. They may have a good instinct they were being asked to perform something inspired by pornography, but they wouldn’t know for sure – and would not be in any position to ask if they felt threatened.

Given the age of participants it may be someone did coerce them to do something they didn’t like but had not got the idea for this from porn. They may have got the idea from a sex tips feature in mainstream magazines like Cosmopolitan or Men’s Health, or from their peers, or from a TV show. Much of the mainstream media talks about anal sex, threesomes, oral sex etc so this could have just as easily informed the coercive behaviour.

I would have liked to see more focus on the nature of the coercive behaviour, why participants felt this was linked to porn, and if it wasn’t linked to porn where they felt the driving force behind the coercion came from. I say this not to dispute porn may play a part, but to identify exactly what is driving coercive behaviour as if it’s features in mainstream magazines or peer pressure we need to tackle this just as urgently as any perceived threat from porn.

The focus here seems to present young women’s relationship with porn as something that is done to them by young men. Young men are presented as the consumers of porn and use it to get ideas to coerce young women into doing things they don’t want. This does not explore where young women may like or dislike porn, or young men having a critical view of porn. It does not include young people who have little or no exposure to porn. It presents young women as passive, as victims. And as heterosexual. This is often taken up by the media who use debates on sexualisation or pornification to demonise or ignore young men and victimise and slut shame young women. In both cases we find it becomes a situation where adults (either academics, medics or journalists) speak for young people.

Multiple Sexual Partners – a problem in itself?
In their reporting of the results the authors say:
“While there may be a subset of girls who initiate or make self-actualized decisions about MPS participation during adolescence, it is important to consider whether social norms that encourage hypersexuality may contribute to expectations about sexual activity that make it very challenging for adolescents to resist engaging in MPS, even though they would not perceive their MPS participation as nonconsensual. The strong association between exposure to pornography, having been forced to do things that their sex partner saw in pornography, and MPS suggests that pornography may have influenced directly the sexual experiences of the girls in this sample, as has been found elsewhere. Importantly, even if participation in MPS is voluntary for some adolescents, it is crucial to know how this early experience shapes their sexual behavior trajectory and affects their lifetime risk for negative sexual, reproductive, and other health risk behaviors”.

This statement concerned me for three reasons. Firstly it suggests a kind of false consciousness idea that no young woman could ever really consent to a MSP experience. This is disingenuous to the participants in this study who stated they had willingly enjoyed a MSP. I suspect it betrays more of the researchers own values about MSPs.

Secondly it implies that even if a young woman does consent to a MSP this will be because pornography has informed her choice. Yet we know from the way they asked about porn they don’t really have strong enough data to make this conclusion. It would have been interesting to explore if mainstream media might have influenced their choice as well, but not to have decided for participants that they didn’t really know their own minds.

Thirdly there is the implication that having a MSP as a young person will inevitably lead to problems in future relationships. That seems like a leap beyond the data and also I suspect unfair to those who consensually, as adults, explore non monogamous relationships. Moreover we know many people who never have MSPs as young people (or adults) have problems in their relationships as adults. So to make this claim really requires more than a small sample of 24 participants who were asked some confusing questions. The researchers do say this ought to be followed up in future research and I don’t disagree there, but I hope they would be less judgemental and aware of sexual diversity in doing so.

Where are the experiences of young men?
There is no focus on young men in this paper and I think any study that is tackling coercion in heterosexual youth (as this paper appears to be doing) really needs to also study young men. The assumption is they are coercing young women, but are young men also feeling coerced in relationships? Is the pressure of masculinity leading to risky sexual behaviours or are they acting respectfully with their partners? Are the experiences of young gay or bi men different from their heterosexual peers? How do young men feel about being portrayed as sexually coercive? Are there issues around communication and consent we need to focus on with young men and women – and how should we be addressing this issue?

I worry media coverage will report this as though young men have been included or present young men as predators, when again the number of participants reporting negative experiences from forced group sex or pornography was low.

Should this paper have been published?
I critically appraised this paper, but does not mean I think it should be ignored. Had I been asked to review it for publication I would have asked for major revisions (based on the comments above). I find many Public Health studies on youth sexual behaviour (and sexual behaviour in adults) are well intentioned but often problematic due to heteronormative approaches. In this case this can be seen with the focus on heterosexual activity and underlying subtext that group sexual activity is never truly consensual and non monogamous relationships are not presented positively. This can alienate or pathologize many people inadvertently, while trying to help another group of people. A better awareness of thinking around diverse sexualities would help ensure generalisations about group sex among consenting adults are not pathologised while trying to tackle gang rape of teens.

I hope coverage of this will be responsible but fear it will not. I suspect it will be further used to demonise young people and worry the public. In turn ignoring the fact most young people are not engaging in group sex or coercive behaviour. In fact that most aren’t having sex at all. They may well have questions and worries about sex, but these may not be addressed while we focus on more sensational topics.

Creating a moral panic in which we shout a lot about the behaviour of young people but do very little to actually help them. And in cases where research is poor or ambiguous it may direct our efforts to help young people in the wrong direction.

Posted in Alternative relationships, Mental Health, Parents, Pornography, Surveys/questionnaires, Teenager(s) | Comments closed

A tragic case of medical misconduct

In 2008 Alice Dogruyol representing The Spa PR Company wrote to me requesting I plug a new genital cosmetic procedure – the g-shot. It involved injecting collagen into the vaginal wall. And was being spearheaded in the UK by a Professor Phanuel Dartey of Harley Street.

I immediately noticed there seemed to be no robust peer reviewed clinical evidence for the safety and effectiveness of the g-shot procedure. I felt the press release I was sent was so poor and the ‘treatment’ described seemed so bizarre that it was best ignored. I assumed no media outlet would pick up on it.

I was wrong.

Several newspapers including the Sun, Mirror, Telegraph and Mail clearly had been sent the same press release as me. The only difference was they joyfully publicized the g-shot and promoted Prof Dartey’s Harley Street practice. And in the case of the Sun and the Mirror the pieces were written by their Health and Science correspondents. Who really should have known better. Since then many women’s magazines and websites have also described the procedure as a sex life enhancer, promoting both the g-shot and Laser Vaginal Surgery (which Dartey also offered).

I was so concerned I wrote a blog post about the problems I foresaw with the g-shot procedure and subsequent media coverage. I also outlined core questions journalists and the public ought to be asking about it.

A journalist colleague then tried to pitch a story critiquing the g-shot , but they were unsuccessful. Over the past three years I sent my blog post questioning the g-shot to any media outlet I spotted giving it publicity. In most cases I heard nothing back. Occasionally a journalist would politely thank me and tell me they’d consider my opinions if they wrote similar pieces in the future.

In other words they ignored my concerns and questions. Probably because they weren’t as exciting as the sexy ‘science’ of collagen injections, and probably because anyone critiquing their breathy discussions of amazing orgasms through genital enhancement could be dismissed as an anti capitalist/feminist/academic killjoy.

I did not systematically continue to campaign against the g-shot because I reasoned even if the media were occasionally (albeit enthusiastically) covering it, I doubted many women would opt for either the g-shot or Laser Vaginal Surgery.

I was wrong here as well.

Last week Phanuel Dartey was struck off by the General Medical Council (GMC).

This followed complaints from five women. The British Medical Journal (16 November) reports Dartey ‘botched laser operations on four women and left another seriously ill after a termination’ . It goes on to report from the GMC hearing:
“Patient A was said to have suffered visible scarring and asymmetry of her genitals, although she had been told that the incisions would be nearly invisible. Part of her vagina had been “effectively amputated,” and she required revision surgery
Patients B and C were given laser surgery for urinary incontinence, which the GMC’s experts say would have been of “limited value”.
Patient E was in major pain after a labioplasty to reduce the size of her labia minora, which Dr Dartey is said to have “significantly over-reduced.” When she complained of the pain, the GMC alleges that he suggested an injection of absolute alcohol into the area of the labial scar to kill the nerve endings, an intervention that was “inappropriate.”
Patient D travelled from Ireland to the Marie Stopes centre for a termination at 18 weeks’ gestation. Dr Dartey is alleged to have perforated her uterus during the procedure but failed to recognise this.
The GMC alleges that he failed to check that all the products of conception had gone and failed to notice that the fetal thorax had not been removed. When D returned home, she became “extremely ill,” … “She was on the critical list and was in hospital for two months.”
Dr Dartey, who was suspended from practice pending the hearing, is also charged with having no valid medical indemnity insurance when he carried out the termination in February 2006”.

A further report of the hearing, again from the BMJ (6 December), explains why Dartey was struck off:
“Robin Knill-Jones, who chaired the GMC’s fitness to practise panel, said, “In the panel’s judgment there is a continuing risk to patients from the way Dr Dartey conducts his practice. His dishonest actions in relation to professional indemnity were a serious abuse of the trust that his patients and those with whom he worked were entitled to place in him.
“The panel considers that the extent and seriousness of Dr Dartey’s clinical misconduct, the gravity of his dishonesty, and his subsequent lack of insight evidence a harmful attitudinal problem.”
When Dr Dartey carried out the termination in 2006 on a woman who had travelled from Ireland, he perforated her uterus and failed to remove the fetal thorax. When she returned home she became extremely ill and was in hospital for two months, the panel heard.
Dr Dartey’s membership of the Medical Protection Society had lapsed in 2002, and he had no indemnity cover when he performed the abortion. The panel found that a membership certificate he sent to Marie Stopes International purporting to cover 2005-6 was a forgery.
Dr Knill-Jones said, “Each of the five patients with which this inquiry has been concerned has suffered from the events in question. In his written communications to the GMC Dr Dartey has shown little remorse or acknowledgment of, or insight into, his failures.
“He has rather adopted a derogatory attitude towards his patients, accusing one of racism, another of blackmail, a third of causing her own problems by failing to follow his advice, and another of reporting him to the GMC because she wanted free corrective surgery for an unrelated problem. The panel has found no substance in any of these complaints and regards Dr Dartey’s lack of insight as a matter of serious concern.””
The lack of insight comment seems particularly relevant given that during the time the GMC were investigating his case, and while it was being covered in the media, someone claiming to be Professor Dartey appeared to comment at Ghanaweb where he belittled those complaining against him. This comment has not been verified as from Prof Dartey but it seems uncannily similar to the report from the GMC hearing.

This is truly shocking case that raises questions about the conduct and supervision of medics in private practitice. Marie Stopes also undoubtedly need to review procedures for the selection and supervision of staff working at their clinics.

The media also has a role to play here, but this was not (as far as I know) picked up on at the GMC investigation.

The PR company who promoted Dartey and the journalists who covered his g-shot and Laser Vaginal Surgery interventions in uncritical and often glowing terms are, in my opinion, culpable.

We know from research on women seeking cosmetic genital surgery one of the main things that persuades them they need cosmetic procedures is advertising from clinics/consultants. And how better to advertise than via an enthusiastic media endorsement? Even though it is well documented there’s no evidence of effectiveness of cosmetic genital surgery but plenty of evidence of active efforts by medics to promote such practices.

Perhaps unsurprisingly the papers that fawned over the g-shot have been remarkably silent about the GMC hearing. And none have admitted they gave publicity to an untested and dangerous cosmetic intervention.

The only paper who reported in favour of Dartey and also on his striking off was The Daily Mail. They managed an incredible about face with their initial piece ‘I’ve had the G Shot and YES, YES, YES my sex life has never been better!’ promoting the g shot procedure. While Dartey’s GMC investigation was ongoing they were still publishing testimonies in his favour. Finally describing his fall from grace in less than glowing terms. The latter piece, of course, made no reference to the former. (Thanks to @MrNorthice for helping with these links).

This media distancing could be coincidence, or it may be more deliberate. In the Mail’s case it can be seen as deliberate in the way Dartey is talked about. When his g-shot procedures are being lauded he’s a Professor from Harley Street. When his striking off is detailed his qualifications from the Soviet Union and Ghanaian heritage are at the fore. As @PeteDeveson astutely commented on twitter: “on the way up it’s “Hollywood” and “Harley Street”. On the way down it’s “Ghana” and “Soviet””. This xenophobic coverage neatly airbrushes any involvement of the newspaper in promoting Dartey’s practice – and subsequent harm done to his patients.

When I first read the press release about the g-shot it raised not so much a red flag as a string of red bunting. I tried to challenge it where possible with journalists but felt powerless to really get anyone to listen.

I still feel powerless about this situation and the countless others like it. Journalists cover stories on sex and health topics that advocate untested treatments, products and procedures. Therapists and practitioners are showcased with no check on their skills, qualifications or professional ethics. Cosmetic genital surgery is increasingly presented as ‘the norm’ and if any criticism is allowed it is always a small voice of dissent in a wider promotion of surgical intervention. While this case concerns surgery performed on women, men’s media is just as problematic when it comes to promoting dodgy sex pills, potions and procedures.

Of course claims that science, medicine and surgery can transform your sex life, give you amazing orgasms, make you more desirable or a better lover are beguiling to both editors and the public.

Sadly these claims are rarely put to the test.

Which allows dangerous practices like those offered by Professor Dartey to go unchecked.

Editors and journalists lack basic skills to evaluate press releases or stories they are sent about sex-related products and procedures. Either because they are busy, seduced by science speak, or unable to critically evaluate medical claims. More importantly editors and journalists do not make enough use of willing qualified individuals and organisations who could help them assess whether claims they’re about to write about are accurate or not (for example using guides like this one created by Dr Jennifer Gunter). Where practitioners try and tell them they could be advocating something that is ineffective at best, life threatening at worst, the media (for the most part) ignores them.

We should be rightly angry with the media and with practitioners who promote untested and unnecessary cosmetic genital surgery.

This will be of little comfort to the five women involved in this case, who will be scarred psychologically and physically for the rest of their lives.

Professor Dartey should be ashamed of his actions, but GMC reports imply this is unlikely.

The journalists who didn’t bother checking a simple press release and promoted his products and services should also be ashamed of their actions. Again, I think this is unlikely.

The Spa PR Company who originally promoted the g-shot and Dartey’s clinic should also take responsibility for their role in this tragedy. I have written to them offering a right to reply which I will post here if they wish me to.

Other media outlets could now write about this case critically, and make a commitment to reporting on sex/science stories ethically and carefully. They could campaign against cosmetic genital surgery or refuse to showcase it in their features or advertising. Here too I expect this is unlikely.

It is easy to forget in stories like this how real lives can be destroyed. My sympathies are with the women affected by Dartey’s professional misconduct. While I find it easy to compile a case against media and medical incompetence, I find I lack the words to adequately express how badly I feel for them.

Posted in Abortion/TOP, G spot, Journalism, Medicalisation, Vagina | Comments closed

Another break from blogging

I’m going to be stepping away from this blog for a few months for a very happy reason. I’m having another baby.

I am currently setting myself a timescale of early Autumn before I consider blogging again, but I may take longer, depending on how I am managing motherhood.

Where time permits I’ll use twitter (@drpetra) to share information on forthcoming events, conferences, papers and other interesting stuff. I’ll be checking in on twitter regularly, but won’t be tweeting for the next month or so. In the meantime check out the folk on my lists who are all worth following and will keep you up to date with sex/relationships, science communication and healthcare issues.

While I’m away, here are some useful resources based on the main things folk ask me about via this website. You might find the links to sites and blogs I posted last time I went on maternity leave useful to rummage through as well.

If you’ve a personal problem

Here are some places you can get help and support on sex/relationships/reproductive health issues:

COSRT
FPA
Sexual Dysfunction Association
Brook
Scarleteen
Bish Training
Mermaids
The Site
NHS/Sex worth talking about

You can also get support from many of the people and organisations linked to in the blogroll.

If you are a journalist
I won’t be able to help with media requests until the autumn. Please email me (info@drpetra.co.uk) from October onwards and if I can help you I will. In the meantime if you are working on sex/relationships/health features or programmes you may want to contact the following organisations:

British Sociological Association

British Psychological Society
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Onscenity Network
Kinsey Institute

If you’re organising a talk or event
If you are planning something you’d like me to speak at please note I’m taking bookings for science/public communication from Summer 2012 onwards. If you have events coming up after that date please do email me. [As ever my speaker activity is based on my timetable and your event being low cost or free for audiences. I don’t charge a speaker fee but you will need to cover my travel, accommodation and reasonable expenses; and I don’t appear at events to promote pharmaceutical/commercial companies]

If you need an academic paper

Or help with your research, want me to review something, need feedback on a grant proposal, or any academic related activity please note I’m having a year’s maternity leave from University College London and will not be undertaking any academic activity in that time. If I am already in touch with you about ongoing projects I will make individual plans about appropriate contact during my leave.

While I’m away, don’t forget…

5th July 2011
– Channel 4 is hosting a meeting between programme makers, production companies and sex/education/health professionals. This follows complaints from a collective of UK practitioners concerned over the Joy of Teen Sex series (more info here). Unfortunately there are additional problems with the recent series The Sex Researchers that presented a misleading view of both sex research and sex information. Practitioners and researchers concerned about this problematic series will also be complaining to Channel 4 and those it commissions on the basis that programmes are not concerned with accuracy or ethical practice. You may also want to write to the Channel if you feel their sex broadcasting is poor.

9th July 2011
– There will be a Pro Choice Demo in London on 9 July 2011. More information here or follow on Twitter @ProChoice9July or #prochoicedemo2011. Additional information on this demo here and here plus information on reproductive rights in the UK here.

The government’s plans to tackle Sexualisation (along with other media outlets running their own campaigns). These still require follow up, interrogation and public discussion. The government will be reporting further on action taken regarding this review in the Autumn. I’ve linked to a number of forthcoming events conferences that will be tackling this issue at the end of the linked blog post. Academics and practitioners (including myself) have now formally declared how we feel this review is flawed and many of us will continue to push for better political decisions based on critical thinking about research, not ‘policy based evidence making’.

Other media outlets are planning programmes on sex/relationships in their Summer/Autumn seasons, so use this media appraisal guide to assess their quality.

Ongoing debates around sexual and reproductive health, teen parent blaming, regulation of pornography, sex work, and termination of pregnancy are all likely to be in the public domain over the coming months. They’ll need following, questioning and discussing. Where possible I’ll highlight information on these along with related conferences, campaigns or core issues on Twitter.

When I come back…
I’ll be using this blog to focus on some specific areas. Mainly sex/relationships and conception, pregnancy and parenthood. I planned to do this from the start of this year but ended up being sidelined by more interesting, challenging and topical issues. I’ll be aiming to be a lot more focused and disciplined on my return!

Looking forward to catching up with you again soon, and in the meantime enjoy the summer months. Thanks for your continued interest in and feedback on this blog, it is much appreciated.

I’ll post an update here when there is some baby news to report.

Posted in Uncategorised | Comments closed